Evaluation for 3.3c
Materials include embedded guidance for teachers to support emergent bilingual students in developing academic and discipline-specific vocabulary, increasing comprehension, building background knowledge, and making cross-linguistic connections through oral and written discourse.
The materials provide opportunities for students to develop vocabulary, increase comprehension, build background knowledge, and make cross-linguistic connections orally. The recommendations in the
Differentiation Library, accessible via a link in the
Teacher Resource, offer students opportunities to communicate verbally with educators and peers using academic language. For instance, the suggestions for emergent bilingual students in chapter 3 recommend that educators teach the daily active vocabulary words, such as
brush teeth and
tie shoes, using picture sequences, while students describe the order of the actions. Suggestions in the
Differentiation Library also encourage student comprehension by providing description frames to verbalize actions, such as “First, they ____” and “Finally, they ____.” The recommendations in this resource also build background for students by suggesting that educators explain concepts with scenario examples for students to practice aloud with different objectives, as in chapter 18. The
Texas Emergent Bilingual Resource offers opportunities for students to make cross-linguistic connections orally. While teaching vocabulary, students look up vocabulary words in their primary language and identify similar pronunciations to their English counterparts.
The materials also offer opportunities for students to develop vocabulary, increase comprehension, build background knowledge, and make cross-linguistic connections in written form. The
Texas Emergent Bilingual Resource suggests that when teaching vocabulary, educators encourage students to keep a personal dictionary of academic words they learn throughout the course. This resource also suggests the use of reflection journals to help students develop comprehension and metacognitive awareness, noting that emergent bilingual students can write in their primary language before progressing to written expression in English. To build background knowledge, the
Texas Emergent Bilingual Resource recommends using graphic organizers. The Frayer Model provides students with the opportunity to write definitions of vocabulary and concepts in their own words and to indicate characteristics, examples, and nonexamples in written form. The
Teacher Resource provides support for emergent bilingual students to make cross-linguistic connections by offering opportunities to use their primary language in select performances and to compare similarities between those performances and English performances verbally. The “Teaching Suggestions” for chapter 25 encourage students to perform a play in English and another language, noting similarities and differences.